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Central America's 'Dry Corridor' triggers massive US migration

Food shortages in drought-prone Central America have caused mass migration, north to the United States. Increased food and water shortages in the "Dry Corridor" running through the continent are linked to climate change. 

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Tomas Ayuso
Gumersindo Rodriguez at home in La Ceiba, a hillside farming village in drought-stricken southern Honduras on July 21, 2015. Mr. Rodriguez was an early adopter of the water-harvesting techniques championed by Cosecha, a local NGO that aids small farmers in sustainable farming and water conservation.
  • By Sophie Hares Thomas Reuters Foundation

| Tepic, Mexico

Worry over having enough food is forcing people from drought-stricken Central America to migrate north to the United States, leaving families behind who grow more vulnerable to poverty, said an international report released on Wednesday.

Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala must address hunger-related migration by adapting agricultural practices to deal with increased water shortages and help communities be prepared for crises, said the report compiled by several global aid groups.

Roughly half the families surveyed in the three countries, dogged by drought, crop losses and reduced agricultural productivity, face so-called food insecurity, when supplies are limited or uncertain, it said.

More than half the households spent more than two-thirds of their wages on food, and about a third live in extreme poverty, it said.

"These levels of food insecurity have not been previously seen in the region," said the report, which listed high unemployment and low wages among the main reasons for migration from Central America.

The so-called "Dry Corridor" running through Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua is considered vulnerable to extreme weather exacerbated by climate change.

Two consecutive years of drought from 2015 to mid-2016, linked to a powerful El Nino weather phenomenon, decimated crop harvests.

Countries looking to cut migration could implement greater climate surveillance and target hard-hit areas with irrigation schemes and weather insurance, it said.

They also must help protect families whose relatives may have recently emigrated, it said.

"Overall, emigration reduces the available workforce and if not offset by remittances, typically results in increased food insecurity and deepening of poverty," it said.

It also suggested countries improve market access for small-scale farmers.

The report was compiled by the World Food Programme, Organization of American States, Inter-American Development Bank, International Fund for Agricultural Development and the International Organization for Migration.

It said more than 400,000 undocumented migrants were detained in fiscal 2016 along the southwestern US border, with a 50 percent rise from the previous year in unaccompanied children.

This story was reported by the Thomas Reuters Foundation.

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