Offshore drilling to begin in federal Arctic waters off Alaska

The first oil and gas production wells in federal Arctic waters have been approved by US regulators.

The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management on Wednesday announced it issued a conditional permit for the Liberty Project, a proposal by a subsidiary of Houston-based Hilcorp for production wells on an artificial island in the Beaufort Sea.

The approval follows through on President Trump's promise of American energy dominance, said Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke.

"Responsibly developing our resources, in Alaska especially, will allow us to use our energy diplomatically to aid our allies and check our adversaries," he said in the announcement.

Environmental groups oppose Arctic offshore drilling and have expressed concerns about the production record of Hilcorp Alaska LLC. State authorities in 2017 year fined the company $200,000 for violations at another production site.

Kristen Monsell, ocean legal director for the Center for Biological Diversity, said approval of Liberty sets the country down a path of destroying the Arctic.

"An oil spill in the Arctic would be impossible to clean up and the region is already stressed by climate change," she said.

The gravel island would be built in 19 feet of water about 5.6 miles off shore. The site is 15 miles east of Prudhoe Bay, North America's largest oil field.

Hilcorp will develop federal leases sold in the 1990s. BP Exploration Alaska drilled at the site in 1997 and sold 50 percent of the assets to Hilcorp in 2014.

The base of the gravel island would cover 24 acres of ocean floor, about the size of 18 football fields, with sloped sides leading to a work surface of 9 acres, the size of nearly seven football fields.

To create the island, trucks would travel by ice road to a hole cut in sea ice and deposit 83,000 cubic yards of gravel. A wall would fend off ice, waves and wildlife, such as polar bears.

The surface would have room for 16 wells, including five to eight conventional production wells. At peak production, Hilcorp anticipates extracting 60,000 to 70,000 barrels per day for a total recovery of 80 million to 130 million barrels over 15 to 20 years.

Hilcorp proposes to move oil to shore by undersea pipe. The pipe would be buried to prevent gouging by ice.

At the end of production, the company would remove equipment and the wall and let waves and ice dismantle the island.

Liberty would be the 19th artificial drilling island in Alaska, including four now pumping oil from state waters.

Federal officials said rigorous conditions will be in place to keep drilling safe. Hilcorp will drill into oil-bearing rock only during solid-ice conditions. Drilling and vessel traffic will be restricted to reduce disturbances to Inupiat whale hunters.

State officials embraced the project for the new oil it would add to the trans-Alaska pipeline and the employment it will offer residents. Hilcorp Alaska estimates 200 construction jobs, 60 to 80 drilling jobs and $1 billion in new investment.

David Wilkins, Hilcorp Alaska senior vice president, said the company is pleased with the announcement.

"The Record of Decision is the result of years of study and due diligence by multiple federal, state and local agencies and the project team," he said in a prepared statement. "If granted final approvals, the Liberty Project will provide decades of responsible resource development and strengthen the energy future of Alaska and the United States."

This story was reported by The Associated Press.